Afghan War
America's Limit Exposed
Farooque Chowdhury
America's Afghanistan
War reveals imperialism's
limit. It's, as Mao said decades ago, a paper tiger. The war is the evidence.
The just published The Washington Post report—"The Afghanistan Papers: A secret history of the war. At war with the truth", (by Craig Whitlock, December 9, 2019) carries the story of this limit. It's, to some, a story of corruption. To another section, the war is mismanaged, which is inefficiency, wrong planning, etc. But, the root of the failure is in the deep: Imperialism's characteristic.
The 18 years long war with nearly $1 trillion taxpayers' money is costlier as the US people lost 2,300 of their citizens—US troops. More than 20,000 US forces were injured in the war. And, since 2001, more than 775,000 US troops have deployed to Afghanistan. Three US presidents—George W Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump—and their military commanders tried/are trying to win the Afghan war.
Citing the WaPo report, Slate in its report "The War in Afghanistan was Doomed from the start, The main culprit? Corruption" (by Fred Kaplan on December 9, 2019) said:
"The war in Afghanistan has open a muddle from the beginning, steered by vague and wavering strategies, fueled by falsely rosy reports of progress from the battlefield, and almost certainly doomed to failure all along.
"This is the inescapable conclusion of a secret US government history of the war-consisting of 2,000 pages, based on interviews with more than 400 participants- obtained and published by The Washington Post on December 9, 2019 after years of legal battles to declassify the documents.
"Written by the Office of the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction, an agency created by Congress in 2008 to investigate waste and fraud, the report, titled Lessons Learned, is the most thorough official critique of an ongoing American war since the Vietnam War review commissioned in 1967 by then-Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara."
The Afghan War Doc, it may be dubbed in this way, is a significant document for studying imperialism that exposes its inner working system, its character and a number of its weaknesses. It's not only an exposure of the national security bureaucracy of the state waging the war; it's also a revelation of the state—the way the state perceives, thinks, analyses, calculates, plans, acts. It points its figures to the politics and political process of the state involved before pointing fingers to the national security bureaucracy; because this bureaucracy can't move a millimeter in any direction without directives from any faction of the political leadership of the state, and all the factions of the political leadership move along the routes the political process permits.
Citing the WaPo report, the Slate report said: The war has been "built on ignorance, lies, and counterproductive policies."
No state intentionally or deliberately wages war on ignorance, lies and counterproductive policies. The state machine's inherent process produces ignorance, lies, etc. It means, somewhere in the machine lies are produced, ignorance is manufactured, and the machine perceives lies, etc. are beneficial to it. Where's this "somewhere"? How it survives and operates with lies, corruption, etc.? The bourgeois politicians, academia, its theoreticians don't look into this "somewhere", into this process of manufacturing ignorance, lies, corruption.
Slate said in its report:
"Central to the current war effort-and to its failure-was corruption. [....] The United States failed because the billions of dollars we poured into the country only made Afghanistan's corruption worse."
A state machine, most powerful in today's world as is widely perceived, fail to check corruption in the machine it has constructed in the land—Afghanistan—it's waging its longest war! It's a "riddle"—money poured to win a war, and the money is eating out the war-effort. The state fails to manage either money or war. In spite of this fact of failure, the state dreams to dictate the world!
The WaPo report said:
"[S]enior US officials failed to tell the truth [...] making rosy pronouncements they knew to be false and hiding unmistakable evidence the war had become unwinnable."
It was lying to the taxpayers, the citizens employing the officials to carry on duties the citizens entrusted the officials. And, the state can't control the lying business. It's the state's failure—a few persons employed by the state was misleading the state and the entire body of the taxpayers, and the state is not a lifeless identity as there are hundreds of intelligent persons including veteran politicians. And, the state machine is not separate from these persons—officials and political leaders in change of the affairs. Alternatively, there's something else behind this deliberate job of "deviating" from truth, if it's deviation, if not usual practice, which is not. Any of the two is serious failure, fatal ultimately, if this—deviation from truth—is the case.
The documents, according to the WaPo, were generated by a federal project examining the root failures of the longest armed conflict in US history. The US government tried to shield the identities of the vast majority of those interviews for the project and conceal nearly all of their remarks. The WaPo won release of the documents under the Freedom of Information Act after a three-year legal battle. It took three years and two federal lawsuits for the WaPo to pry loose 2,000 pages of interview records. US officials constantly said they were making progress. They were not, and they knew it. It shows bourgeois state is not inherently and always transparent. State machine serving a class can never be always transparent. Moreover, who decides what to release publicly or not? Isn't it a group of officials? Marxist political scientists already discussed this issue—role of executive—many limes. Thus, they—the officials—stand above taxpayers, citizens.
The documents show:
1. Bush and Obama had polar-opposite plans to win the war. Both were destined to fail.
2. Despite vows the US wouldn't get mired in "nation-building" in Afghanistan, it has wasted billions doing just that. The US has allocated more than $133 billion to build up Afghanistan—more than it spent, adjusted for inflation, to revive the whole of Western Europe with the Marshall Plan after World War II. An unidentified former State Department official told government interviewers in 2015: "The timeframe for creating a strong central government is 100 years, which we didn't have."
3. The US flooded the country with money—then ignored the graft it fueled.
4. Afghan security forces, despite years of training, were dogged by incompetence and corruption.
5. The US war on drugs in Afghanistan has imploded at nearly every turn.
6. The US government has not carried out a comprehensive accounting of how much it has spent on the war, but the costs are staggering.
7. US officials acknowledged that their war strategies were fatally flawed.
"'We were devoid of a fundamental understanding of Afghanistan—we didn't know what we were doing, "Douglas Lute, a three-star Army general who served as the White House's Afghan war czar during the Bush and Obama administrations, told government interviewers in 2015. He added: "What are we trying to do here? We didn't have the foggiest notion of whal we were undertaking." "If the American people knew the magnitude of this dysfunction ... 2,400 lives lost, "Lute added, blaming the deaths of US military personnel on bureaucratic breakdowns among Congress, the Pentagon and the State Department.
So, it's found:
1. Lack of knowledge! [Unbelievable in the case of the state widely perceived as the most powerful in the world.]
2. No comprehensive war plan! [Also unbelievable]
3. No accounting! [How much money the taxpayers spent behind inspectors to check with spending? A lot it's.]
4. The US people were not aware of the real picture. What's the level of transparency, accountability, and the media claiming to be free? [The WaPo's legal struggle to get the documents is an evidence of "free" flow of info, and the decisive role of the executive branch.]
5. A breakdown within the system of the Congress, the Pentagon and the State Department—a system with elected politicians and employed persons.
Then, what does this signify? Is it a powerful, vibrant, working system? Only fools keep trust on this machine, which appears, with a shortsighted view, very powerful, but very weak to its core, in the long-term. Since 2001, the US Defense Department, State Department and US Agency for International Development (USAID) have spent or appropriated between $934 billion and $978 billion, according to an inflation-adjusted estimate calculated by Neta Crawford, a political science professor and co-director of the Costs of War Project at Brown University .These figures do not include money spent by other agencies including the CIA and the Department of Veterans Affairs.
"What did we get for this $1 trillion effort? Was it worth $1 trillion?" Jeffrey Eggers, a retired Navy SEAL and White House staffer for Bush and Obama, told government interviewers. He added, "After the killing of Osama bin Laden, I said that Osama was probably laughing in his watery grave considering how much we have spent on Afghanistan."
The documents, the WaPo report said, also contradict a long chorus of public statements from US presidents, military commanders and diplomats who assured the US taxpayers year after year that they were making progress in Afghanistan and the war was worth fighting.
The report said:
"Several of those interviewed described explicit and sustained efforts by the US government to deliberately mislead the public. They said it was common at military headquarters in Kabul—and at the White House—to distort statistics to make it appear the United States was winning the war when that was not the case. [Emphasis added.]
"'Every data point was altered to present the best picture possible, 'Bob Crowley, an Army colonel who served as a senior counterinsurgency adviser to US military commanders in 2013 and 2014, told government interviewers. 'Surveys, for instance, were totally unreliable but reinforced that everything we were doing was right and we became a self-licking ice cream cone.'[Emphasis added.]
"John Sopko, the head of the federal agency that conducted the interviews, acknowledged to The Post that the documents show 'the American people have constantly been lied to." [Emphasis added.]
Diplomats and envoys from this state constantly advise Third and Fourth World countries to be factual regarding all aspects of life in these countries. Do they have any moral ground for delivering this sort of sermon? Neither the mainstream politics nor the MSM in these countries raise this question when these diplomats shower sermons; even a group of the organisations and persons claiming to be anti-imperialist feel shy to raise the question.
The interviews are the by product of a project led by Sopko's agency, the Office of the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR), the agency the US Congress created in 2008 to investigate waste and fraud in the war zone. Reports SIGAR produced, said WaPo, were "written in dense bureaucratic prose and focused on an alphabet soup of government initiatives, left out the harshest and most frank criticisms from the interviews."
The reports omitted the names of more than 90 per cent of the people interviewed. While a few officials agreed to speak on the record to SIGAR, the agency said it promised anonymity to everyone else it interviewed to avoid controversy over politically sensitive matters.
James Dobbins, a former senior US diplomat who served as a special envoy to Afghanistan under Bush and Obama, told government interviewers: "[W]e clearly failed in Afghanistan."
The WaPo obtained hundreds of pages of previously classified memos about the Afghan war that were dictated by Defense Secretary Donald H Rumsfeld between 2001 and 2006. Dubbed "snowflakes" by Rumsfeld and his staff, according to the WaPo, "the memos are brief instructions or comments that the Pentagon boss dictated to his underlings, often several times a day. Most of his snowflake collection—an estimated 59,000 pages—remained secret."
Bourgeois state business is mostly secretive until it gets pressure to act in another way although its propaganda machine relentlessly sings the opposite song.
The report said:
"Fundamental disagreements went unresolved. Some US officials wanted to [....] to reshape the regional balance of power among Pakistan, India. Iran and Russia."
No confusion in finding a great game—an imperialist strategy it's.
The interviews reveal US military commanders' struggle to identify their enemy and the logic behind their war:
"Was al-Qaeda the enemy, or the Taliban? Was Pakistan a friend or an adversary? What about the Islamic State and the bewildering array of foreign jihadists, let alone the warlords on the CIA's payroll?
"According to the documents, the US government never settled on an answer.
"As a result, in the field, US troops often couldn't tell friend from foe."
"They thought I was going to come to them with a map to show them where the good guys and bad guys live," an unnamed former adviser to an Army Special Forces team told government interviewers in 2017. "It took several conversations for them to understand that I did not have that information in my hands. At first, they just kept asking: 'But who are the bad guys, where are they?' "
The view wasn't any clearer from the Pentagon.
"I have no visibility into who the bad guys are", Rumsfeld complained in a September 8, 2003, snowflake. "We are woefully deficient in human intelligence."
It seems the machine is blind. And, it's not the war machine that appears blind, but the state running the war machine. And, in ultimate analysis, the state machine and the war machine are not separate identities. In actual sense, the machine isn't blind; it has no alternative other than acting blindly. And, humans direct the machine. So, the flaw is not of the machine. It's the human identities that have to act in that way.
During the peak of the fighting from 2009 and 2012, the report said, "US lawmakers and military commanders believed the more they spent on schools, bridges, canals and other civil-works projects, the faster security would improve. Aid workers told government interviewers it was a colossal misjudgment, akin to pumping kerosene on a dying campfire just to keep the flame alive."
One unnamed executive with the USAID guessed that 90 percent of the money they spent was overkill: "We lost objectivity. We were given money, told to spend it and we did, without reason."
Many aid workers blamed the US Congress for what they saw as a mindless rush to spend.
One unidentified contractor told government interviewers he was expected to dole out $3 million daily for projects in a single Afghan district roughly the size of a US county. He once asked a visiting congressman whether the lawmaker could responsibly spend that kind of money back home: "He said hell no. 'Well, sir, that's what you just obligated us to spend and I'm doing it for communities that live in mud huts with no windows."
The huge aid that Washington spent on Afghanistan also gave rise to historic levels of corruption.
In public, US officials insisted they had no tolerance for graft. But they admitted the US government looked the other way while Afghan power brokers—allies of Washington—plundered with impunity.
Christopher Kolenda, an Army colonel who deployed to Afghanistan several times and advised three US generals in charge of the war, said that the Afghan government led by President Karzai had "self-organised into a Kleptocracy" by 2006—and that US officials failed to recognise the lethal threat it posed to their strategy.
Kolenda added, "Foreign aid is part of how" the Afghan Kleptocrats "get rents to pay for the positions they purchased."
Kolenda told government interviewers: "Kleptocracy, however, is like brain cancer; it's fatal."
By allowing corruption to fester, US officials told interviewers, they helped destroy the popular legitimacy of the Afghan government they were fighting to prop up. With judges and police chiefs and bureaucrats extorting bribes, many Afghans soured on democracy and turned to the Taliban to enforce order.
"Our biggest single project, sadly and inadvertently, of course, may have been the development of mass corruption, "Crocker, who served as the top US diplomat in Kabul in 2002 and again from 2011 to 2012. told government interviewers.
In China, the US had almost the same experience with Chiang while they—Chiang and the US—were fighting the Chinese people under the leadership of Mao.
Year after year, US generals have said in public they are making steady progress on the central plank of their strategy: to train an Afghan army and police force capable of defending the country without foreign help.
In the interviews, however, US military trainers described the Afghan security forces as incompetent, unmotivated and rife with deserters. They also accused Afghan commanders of pocketing salaries—paid by US taxpayers—for tens of thousands of "ghost soldiers".
More than 60,000 members of Afghan security forces have been killed, a casualty rate the US commanders have called unsustainable, said the report.
A US military officer estimated that one-third of police recruits were "drug addicts or Taliban, "Yet another called them "stealing fools" who looted so much fuel from US bases that they perpetually smelled of gasoline.
With this force, imperialism can't win its war.
The report said: Afghanistan became the world's leading source of opium. The US has spent about $9 billion to fight the problem over the past 18 years, but Afghan farmers are cultivating more opium poppies than ever. Last year, Afghanistan was responsible for 82 per cent of global opium production, according to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime. Former officials said almost everything they did to constrain opium farming backfired. Douglas Lute, the While House's Afghan war czar from 2007 to 2013, said: "I thought we should have specified a flourishing drug trade—this is the only part of the market that's working."
Bravo, enterprise with drug trade! And, they instruct and accuse many countries about drug dealings.
The report finds: US never figured out ways to incorporate a war on drugs into its war against al-Qaeda. By 2006, US officials feared that narco-traffickers had become stronger than the Afghan government and that money from the drug trade was powering the insurgency.
Their drug-war is an amazing story: At first. Afghan poppy farmers were paid by the British state to destroy their crops, which only encouraged them to grow more the next season. Later, the US government eradicated poppy fields without compensation, which only infuriated farmers and encouraged them to side with the Taliban.
An intelligent brain they have!
US military officials, according to the report, have resorted to an old tactic from Vietnam—manipulating public opinion. In news conferences and other public appearances, those in charge of the war have followed the same talking points for 18 years. No matter how the war is going, they emphasised the progress they were making progress.
Rumsfeld had received a string of unusually dire warnings from the war zone in 2006. After returning from a fact-finding mission to Afghanistan, Barry McCaffrey, a retired Army general, reported the Taliban had made an impressive comeback: "[W]e will encounter some very unpleasant surprises in the coming 24 months". "The Afghan national leadership are collectively terrified that we will tip-toe out of Afghanistan […] and the whole thing will collapse again into mayhem," McCaffrey wrote in June 2006. Two months later, Marin Strmecki, a civilian adviser to Rumsfeld, gave the Pentagon chief a classified, 40-page report stuffed with worse news. It said "enormous popular discontent is building" against the Afghan government because of its corruption and incompetence. It also said that the Taliban was growing stronger, thanks to support from Pakistan, a US ally. Yet with Rumsfeld's personal blessing, the Pentagon buried the bleak warnings and told the public a very different story.
In October 2006, Rumsfeld's speech-writers delivered a paper—"Afghanistan: Five Years Later". Overflowing with optimism, it highlighted more than 50 promising facts and figures, from the number of Afghan women trained in "improved poultry management" (more than 19,000) to the "average speed on most roads" (up 300 per cent).
"Five years on, there is a multitude of good news," it read. "While it has become fashionable in some circles to call Afghanistan a forgotten war, or to say the United States has lost its focus, the facts belie the myths." Rumsfeld thought it was brilliant.
"This paper", he wrote in a memo, "is an excellent piece. How do we use it? Should it be an article? An Op-ed piece? A handout? A press briefing? All of the above? I think it ought to get it to a lot of people." His staffers made sure it did. They circulated a version to reporters and posted it on Pentagon websites. Generals followed their boss: Present picture of "progress" in the war front.
Thus, they market "facts", and groups of politicians in countries rely on them.
During US' Vietnam War, it was the same story. The report recollected:
"US military commanders relied on dubious measurements to persuade Americans that they were winning.
"Most notoriously, the Pentagon highlighted 'body counts', or the number of enemy fighters killed, and inflated the figures as a measurement of success.
In Afghanistan, with occasional exceptions, the US military has generally avoided publicising body [...] [T]he government routinely touted statistics that officiate knew wore distorted, spurious or downright false".
Since 2001, an estimated 157,000 people have been killed in the war in Afghanistan. This includes Afghan civilians and security forces, humanitarian aid workers, Taliban fighters and other insurgents, US military contractors, journalists and media workers, US military personnel, NATO and coalition troops.
A person identified only as a senior National Security Council official said there was constant pressure from the Obama White House and Pentagon to produce figures to show the troop surge of 2009 to 2011 was working, despite hard evidence to the contrary, said the report.
"It was impossible to create good metrics. We tried using troop numbers trained, violence levels, control of territory and none of it painted an accurate picture", the senior NSC official told government interviewers in 2016. "The metrics were always manipulated for the duration of the war".
Even when casualty counts and other figures looked bad, the senior NSC official said, the White House and Pentagon would spin them to the point of absurdity. Suicide bombings in Kabul were portrayed as a sign of the Taliban's desperation, that the insurgents were too weak to engage in direct combat. Meanwhile, a rise in US troop deaths was cited as proof that American forces were taking the fight to the enemy.
In other field reports sent up the chain of command, military officers and diplomats took the same line. Regardless of conditions on the ground, they claimed they were making progress.
"From the ambassadors down to the low level, [they all say] we are doing a great job", Michael Flynn, a retired three-star Army general, told government interviewers in 2015. "Really? So if we are doing such a great job, why does it feel like we are losing?"
Bob Crowley, the retired Army colonel who served as a counterinsurgency adviser in Afghanistan in 2013 and 2014, told government interviewers "truth was rarely welcome" at military headquarters in Kabul.
"Bad news was often stifled", he said. "There was more freedom to share bad news if it was small—we're running over kids with our MRAPs [armoured vehicles]—because those things could be changed with policy directives. But when we tried to air larger strategic concerns about the willingness, capacity or corruption of the Afghan government, it was clear it wasn't welcome."
John Garotano, a Naval War College strategist who advised Marines in Helmand province in 2011, said military officials in the field devoted an inordinate amount of resources to churning out colour-coded charts that heralded positive results.
But, Garofano said nobody dared to question whether the charts and numbers were credible or meaningful.
"There was not a willingness to answer questions such as, what is the meaning of this number of schools that you have built? How has that progressed you towards your goal?" he said. "How do you show this as evidence of success and not just evidence of effort or evidence of just doing a good thing?"
Other senior officials said they placed great importance on one statistic in particular, albeit one the US government rarely likes to discuss in public.
"I do think the key benchmark is the one I've suggested, which is how many Afghans are getting killed," James Dobbins, the former US diplomat, told a Senate panel in 2009. "If the number's going up, you're losing. If the number's going down, you're winning. It's as simple as that."
What are these: War-facts? Is this the way public is informed? Is this the way public are informed in a "free" society that claims fostering of tree flow of information? Why facts are manipulated? It's the fear of public, and public opinion. Imperialism fears public and public opinion, at home and abroad.
Ryan Crocker, former ambassador to Afghanistan and Iraq, told the investigators in a 2016 interview, "You just cannot put those amounts of money into a very fragile state and society, and not have it fuel corruption." He added that the same thing happened in Iraq, where corruption is "pandemic and deeply rooted" and where "it's hard to see how a better political order can ever be established".
A big problem, Crocker said, was a perennial "American urge", when intervening in a foreign conflict, to "start fixing everything as fact as we can". Pouring in billions of dollars, and that flows in the pockets of the powerful. The report estimates that 40 per cent of US aid to Afghanistan was pocketed by officials, gangsters, or the insurgents.
Sarah Chayes, who served as an adviser to the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and who lived in Afghanistan for several years, told the investigators in 2015 that the problem was rooted in Washington. A major obstacle here, she said, was the "culture" in the State Department and the Pentagon, which focused on building relationships with their counterparts abroad. Since Afghan officials at all levels were corrupt, officials feared that going after corruption would endanger those relationships.
Chayes also said it was a big mistake to be "obsessed with chasing" the Taliban, to the point of neglecting the country's political dynamics. We didn't realize that many Afghans were "thrilled with the Taliban" for kicking corrupt warlords out of power. Instead, we aligned ourselves with the warlords, on the adage that "the enemy of our enemy is our friend"—and, as a result, further alienated the Afghan people and further enriched the corrupt powers, which in turn further inflamed the anti-government terrorists.
It's a question that why a political leadership was moving in the way while a number of officials were identifying the problem realistically: Neglecting the political dynamics?
In September 2009, as the Obama administration was debating a new policy toward the Afghanistan war Admiral Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, testified at a Senate hearing that the main problem "is clearly the look of legitimacy of the government" in Kabul.
Senator Lindsey Graham pushed the issue. "We could send a million troops, and that wouldn't restore legitimacy in the government?" he asked.
"That is correct," Mullen replied. The threat of corruption, he added, "is every bit as significant as the Taliban."
Around this same time, during the closed-door National Security Council sessions, Mullen was urging then-president Obama to create a counterinsurgency strategy based on helping the Afghan government win the hearts and minds of its people—not addressing how to do this, if the government lacked legitimacy.
Almost all of Obama's advisers sided with Mullen, a notable exception being then-vice president Joe Bjden, who thought counterinsurgency wouldn't work.
It's impossible for imperialism to win hearts and minds of a people against whom it wages war while depends on corrupt allies.
When General David Petraeus became commander of US troops in Afghanistan in 2010, he appointed an anti-corruption task force. Sarah Chayes was one of its members. The task force concluded that corruption, from Kabul on down, was impeding the war effort and that the US should cut off aid to the entire network of corruption. Petraeus sympathized with the findings, but he needed then-Afghan president Karzai's cooperation to fight the war at all, and so he rejected the recommendation.
However, the Pentagon released a statement saying there has been "no intent" by the department to mislead Congress or the public.
On October 11, 2001, a few days after the US started bombing the Taliban, a reporter asked Bush: "Can you avoid being drawn into a Vietnam-like quagmire in Afghanistan?"
"We learned some very important lessons in Vietnam," Bush replied confidently. "People often ask me, 'How long will this last?' This particular battlefront will last as long as it takes to bring al-Qaeda to justice. It may happen tomorrow, it may happen a month from now, it may take a year or two. But we will prevail."
"All together now—quagmire!" Rumsfeld joked at a news conference on November 27, 2001.
"The days of providing a blank check are over. ...It must be clear that Afghans will have to take responsibility for their security and that America has no interest in fighting an endless war in Afghanistan," said then-president Barack Obama, in a speech at the US Military Academy at West Point, NY.
"Are we losing this war? Absolutely no way. Can the enemy win it? Absolutely no way", said Army Major General Jeffrey Schloesser, commander of the 101st Airborne Division, in a news briefing from Afghaninstan.
But, what does the reality say today?
1. Afghanistan is a quagmire for the US.
2. Lessons from Vietnam have not been learned by the US.
3. US hirelings in Afghanistan are failing to take responsibility of their security
4. US is not winning its Afghan War.
The questions are:
1. Why imperialism is failing to learn the Vietnam-lesson?
2. Why imperialism is bogged down in its Afghan-quagmire?
3. Why imperialism's hirelings are failing to take charge of its security?
4. Why imperialism is embedded with its Afghan-corruption?
5. Why such manipulation of facts while presenting Afghan-picture to its public?
The brief answer to the questions is: These are part of imperialism's working mechanism, which its economic interests define.
It can't move away despite rationality tells differently. Imperialism has its own rationality, which is fundamentally different from rationality of other economic interests. It has to depend on its hirelings. It can't depend on others. That's because of economic interests. Moreover, the way taxpayers see reality is completely different from the way imperialism sees. Imperialism's way of looking at incidents and processes are determined by its interests; and it's impossible for imperialism to ignore its interests, which makes it impossible to act differently. And, this doesn't depend on personal choice/preference or characteristics of this or that political leader.
Imperialism's Afghan War is not a war conducted by the US only. There's involvement of other NATO powers. Keeping this—the NATO's Afghan War—in mind helps perceive the imperialist system's involvement and failure in the country. It's not the US' war only. It's imperialism's war against a people; and a war, which is part of imperialism's world strategy.
The failures, the lies, the manipulation with facts, the "non"-understanding with political dynamics are not of a few persons/generals/bureaucrats/politicians, or of a single imperialist country. It's part of a political process that connects particular type of economic interest ingrained among armaments industry, military contractors, suppliers of military hardware, lobbying firms, political interests bent on dominating others for self-interests, and thus making a system with complex connections, a system based on particular characteristics of an economy.
Only a people politically organised and mobilised can change this course of imperialism if imperialism is correctly identified with all its characteristics. And, in today's world, it's difficult to perceive any people's struggle without taking into consideration imperialism's anti-people role.
[Farooque Chowdhury writes from Dhaka, Bangladesh]
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Frontier
Vol. 52, No. 40, April 5 - 11, 2020 |